What is PRP?

PRP stands for "Platelet-Rich Plasma." It is simply a concentration of platelets extracted from an individual's own blood. PRP has been used in various medical fields for quite some time, including orthopedics (for the recovery of muscle or tendon injuries), dermatology (for aesthetic procedures), and also gynecology, to treat a variety of conditions.

What is Ovarian PRP and Endometrial PRP?

Ovarian PRP is a treatment involving the injection of platelet-rich plasma into the ovarian cortex of a woman. This treatment is used to help improve ovarian function, especially in women trying to conceive with low quantity or quality of eggs. Studies, particularly by Greek scientists, suggest that Ovarian PRP can increase egg production, improve quality, and promote ovarian tissue regeneration. Some presented results are even surprising, such as women who were already in menopause resuming menstruation and even becoming pregnant. 

However, despite Ovarian PRP being a promising technique, it's important to note that research in this area is still in its early stages, and more studies are needed to assess its long-term efficacy and safety. Additionally, Ovarian PRP may not be suitable for all women, and it is not a magical solution for rejuvenating the ovaries. The technique should be discussed with a fertility specialist before considering it as a treatment option.

Endometrial PRP is also a treatment involving the injection of platelet-rich plasma, but this time directly into the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. This treatment is used to improve the quality of the endometrium in women trying to conceive, especially in those where this tissue does not grow even with hormonal stimulation.

In addition to increasing endometrial thickness, PRP can improve vascularization and tissue regeneration, as well as stimulate the release of growth factors that help in embryo implantation. It is also useful for women who have undergone multiple uterine surgeries, such as removing fibroids, polyps, or adhesions. 

Similar to Ovarian PRP, research on Endometrial PRP is still in its early stages, and more studies are needed to assess its long-term efficacy and safety.

How is this treatment done? Is it a one time session? 

The Ovarian or Endometrial PRP treatment is typically performed in a clinic or medical office and involves the following steps:

Blood Collection:

A blood sample is collected from the patient. This sample is then processed in a centrifuge, separating the platelets, which are heavier than other blood cells. This increases the platelet concentration in the same volume of plasma, resulting in PRP.

PRP Preparation:

The platelet-rich plasma is prepared and concentrated in a syringe, usually ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 ml, to be injected at the desired location.

Injection:

The PRP is then injected directly into the ovary or endometrium, depending on the chosen treatment. For endometrial injection, a catheter similar to intrauterine insemination is used. It is a painless procedure and doesnt require anesthesia. However, injecting into the ovaries may require anesthesia, and it is done in a surgical setting, similar to egg retrieval for in vitro fertilization, using the same needle used for egg retrieval but injecting PRP into the ovaries.

The number and frequency of PRP treatment sessions aren't fully defined and may diversify based on each patient's needs and conditions. Typically, several sessions are recommended, with intervals of a few weeks, to achieve the best results.

What are the expected results?

Results may diversify from person to person, and there isn't yet sufficient scientific evidence to confidently assert the efficacy and safety of these treatments.

However, it is believed that PRP treatment may help improve the quality and function of the ovaries and endometrium, thus increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy.

In Ovarian PRP, expected results include increased egg production, improved egg quality, and regeneration of damaged ovarian tissue. This can be particularly beneficial for women with low ovarian reserve or low egg quality due to age.

In the case of Endometrial PRP, expected results include improved endometrial thickness, vascularization, and regeneration, which can enhance embryo implantation. Below the layer of endometrial cells, there is a layer of stem cells stimulated by PRP, which may be one of the mechanisms explaining improvements in results.

Since when has it been used in Brazil?

It isn't known exactly when PRP started being used in Brazil for fertility treatments, but its use in other medical areas has been known for several decades. The use of PRP in the field of human reproduction is still relatively new, and ongoing studies continue to provide information and knowledge about this technique, still considered experimental.

What are the contraindications?

As PRP is derived from the patient's own blood, contraindications are very rare. However, some health conditions, such as infections, use of anticoagulants, anemia, or blood disorders and bleeding or coagulation disorders, can limit or prevent the use of PRP.

It is worth emphasizing again that PRP is an experimental procedure, and the responsible doctor should assess the individual conditions of the patient and determine if the treatment is indicated and safe for her.

What are the pre  and post  procedure care?

Pre and post procedure care for Ovarian or Endometrial PRP treatment can diversify according to each clinic's protocol and professional, but some general care is recommended:

Pre-procedure care:

• Consult with a specialist in assisted reproduction to evaluate the indications of PRP in your case;
• Avoid using anticoagulant medications in the weeks before to the procedure;
• Avoid the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances that may affect blood coagulation or the immune system;
• Have a balanced and healthy diet, rich in nutrients that help in collagen production and cell regeneration.
  
  

Post-procedure care:

• Avoid the use of anticoagulant medications in the first few days after the procedure;
• have a balanced and healthy diet, rich in nutrients that help in cell regeneration and healing;
• Avoid the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances that may affect blood coagulation or the immune system;
• Avoid sexual intercourse during the recovery period;
• Regularly follow up with a doctor to assess the progress of the treatment and pay attention to possible adverse effects.
  
  

It is important to remember that pre and post procedure care can diversify based on the individual needs of each patient, and it is crucial to follow the guidance of the doctor responsible for the treatment.

After this technique, what other methods can be used to help conceive?

Ovarian or Endometrial PRP can be used in conjunction with other assisted reproduction techniques to help conceive. The techniques commonly accepted and used worldwide in recent decades, such as timed intercourse, intrauterine insemination, and in vitro fertilization, can be considered.

The idea behind PRP is to improve conditions for a successful pregnancy, if through natural means or with the assistance of assisted reproduction techniques.